Which SPF Should I Use?

Key takeaways:

Sun protection factor (SPF) tells you how well the sunscreen protects you from UVB rays, which can cause sunburns and may contribute to skin cancer.
When selecting a sunscreen, pay attention to other factors, such as chemical versus mineral formulations, in addition to SPF.
Create a sun-safe routine that involves the use of hats, sunglasses, and proper clothing as well as sunscreen use.

When it comes to time in the sun, most of us know that you can have too much of a good thing. But putting a little extra effort into sun protection can go a long way.

Below, we'll walk you through everything you need to know to choose the best SPF for your sunscreen. We’ll also go over which sunscreens are FSA eligible and how to pay for sunscreen with your FSA.

Plus, we've included some bonus tips at the end on how much and how often to apply sunscreen.

Is Sunscreen FSA Eligible?

Yes, sunscreens that have an SPF of 15 or higher and broad-spectrum (UVA, UVB) protection are FSA eligible. You can pick up an eligible sunscreen and then reimburse yourself from your account.

You can browse FSA eligible sunscreens here.

What Does SPF Mean?

SPF stands for “sun protection factor.” It measures the sunscreen’s ability to protect your skin against UVB rays, which cause sunburn and have been linked to skin cancer.

The SPF number indicates the amount of time it would take UVB radiation to redden your skin if you were using the sunscreen as directed compared to not using sunscreen. For example, an SPF of 50 means it would take you 50 times longer to burn if you were using that sunscreen versus not using it.

UVA rays, another type of ultraviolet ray from the sun, can tan your skin but can also cause aging and wrinkled skin. To stay safe from UVA and UVB rays, you’ll need a broad-spectrum sunscreen that guards against both.

Understanding SPF Options

Here’s the percentage of UVB rays that different SPFs block. Keep in mind that no sunscreen blocks 100% of UVB rays.

SPF 15 = 93%
SPF 30 = 97%
SPF 50 = 98%
SPF 100 = 99%

According to experts, you should use a broad-spectrum sunscreen with at least a 30 SPF that’s also water-resistant.

Certain people may need a higher SPF than 50, including those with a history of or high risk of skin cancer, genetic diseases such as albinism, or certain immune disorders. You may also want to bump up your SPF if you’re hiking or skiing at high altitudes or vacationing near the equator.

What’s the Best SPF for My Skin Type?

SPF matters when choosing a sunscreen. But you also want to make sure the product won’t irritate your skin.

If you have oily or acne-prone skin, the Skin Care Foundation suggests oil-free sunscreens, and ones that contain ingredients such as niacinamide, which can help keep acne in check. Look for a moisturizing sunscreen that’s "non-comedogenic" (won’t clog pores and cause acne).

Dry skin types can try a sunscreen and moisturizer combo with shea butter or glycerin, which help keep your skin soft and hydrated. You can also consider a sunscreen with hyaluronic acid, which helps your skin retain water.

If your skin is sensitive, shop for sunscreens with simple formulations—such as zinc oxide or titanium dioxide. They’re less likely to irritate your skin. Steer clear of products with added fragrances, which can upset skin.

Chemical vs. Mineral Sunscreens

In addition to skin type, it helps to think about sunscreen type.

The two main types of sunscreens are mineral (physical) and chemical. Both create a protective layer on your skin that absorbs the sun’s rays. But they have differences when it comes to how quickly they take effect, how they look on your skin, and how they interact with your skin.

According to the American Academy of Dermatology Association, mineral sunscreens have active ingredients like zinc oxide and/or titanium dioxide. They’re noticeable when you put them on and start working right away. They reflect the sun’s rays as well as absorb them.

Mineral sunscreens can be a good alternative if you have sensitive or acne-prone skin, because they are less likely to clog pores and cause allergic reactions. They’re also smart options for babies and toddlers due to their lack of chemicals.

FSA eligible mineral sunscreens include:

Chemical sunscreens use active ingredients like oxybenzone, avobenzone, and octinoxate. They’re invisible when applied to the skin and usually start working in about 30 minutes. These sunscreens absorb the sun's rays, convert the rays to heat, and release the heat from the skin.

FSA eligible chemical sunscreens include:

How Much and How Often to Apply

No matter which SPF you’re using, apply sunscreen 30 minutes before going outside. Then reapply it every 2 hours while you’re in the sun and right after you swim or sweat.

Use about an ounce of sunscreen (roughly a full shot glass) on skin that isn't covered by clothing. Make sure to get your feet, neck, ears, top of your head, and lips.

Remember, too, that sun protection should also involve: